Over the past forty years, doctoral studies in Italy have undergone significant transformation, becoming a key element in advanced education and in the Third Mission of universities. With the Ministerial Decree n. 226/2021, and a strong emphasis on professionalization and collaboration with industry, it has increasingly become a bridge and a symbol of the university’s socio-political mission. This path requires continuous improvement and quality monitoring. In this context, the volume, in continuity with the previous work Research Exercises. Doctorate and Education Policies (2022), gathers the projects of the doctoral students from the 37th, 38th, and 39th cycles of the PhD in Education and Psychology at the University of Florence. It highlights the integration between the demands of doctoral research, the transferability of results typical of the Third Mission, and quality, aiming to showcase the connections and implications between employability, enhancement, and accountability.